What Is the Average Mutual Fund Return? (2024)

If you want to invest in mutual funds, you may want to get a sense of the average return before making any moves with your money. Looking back at the most recent annual returns on mutual funds in broad categories like large-cap stocks or long-term bonds may help you better understand where you want to invest your money.

Here's a breakdown and what you need to know as you assess your options.

Look at Long-Term Returns on Mutual Funds

Although past performance is no guarantee of future results, historical returns can provide reasonable expectations about the growth of an investment over time.

For example, in 2021, mutual funds in seven broad categories averaged an annual return of 11.54% (see the table below), well above the average annual return over the 15 years prior to that. U.S. large-cap stock funds were the best performing category of the seven, while short-term bond funds were the worst.

You can also look at performance since inception. For example, the Vanguard 500 Index Investor had a 10-year return of 15.46% as of Dec. 31, 2021, while its average return since its inception in 2004 as of that same date was 11.66%.

One of the more reliable gauges of future performance is the average annual return over a past 15-year period. Short-term performance can vary widely, so even looking at a past 10-year period may not capture the full picture for you.

For example, the 10-year annualized return of the S&P 500 Index as of Jan. 18, 2022, was about 13.34%. But the 15-year annualized return as of that same date was 8.08%.

Note

Through the end of 2022, a 15-year figure is a more realistic predictor of future performance because it includes the bear market of 2008. Once it's 2023, the bear market of 2008 will no longer be part of the 15-year figure.

Choose a Benchmark

Since there are many different types of mutual funds, it's best to make apples-to-apples comparisons with a suitable benchmark. For example, to measure a large-cap stock mutual fund, you can use the S&P 500 as a benchmark because it reflects 500 of the largest U.S. companies.

Another benchmark is the average performance for a particular category of mutual funds. A large-cap stock fund with a growth objective would be categorized as a Large Growth fund. Category returns are more reflective of actual results because the returns factor in the expense ratios—how much an investor pays for the operation of the fund. Indexes, on the other hand, do not reflect expenses.

Consider Mutual Fund Returns by Category

Since there are so many different types of mutual funds, and there's no way to track the entire universe, it's best to look at categories.

Mutual funds invest primarily in stocks, bonds, or cash (or some combination). Within each asset class, there are multiple categories. For instance, stock funds can be organized by market capitalization (large-cap, mid-cap, small-cap), by country or region, or by business sector, such as health care or technology.

Average Mutual Fund Returns

Below are the average mutual fund returns for seven major categories used by Morningstar, Inc. The figures represent the average for all mutual funds, including index funds, within the respective category. The three-, five-, 10-, and 15-year figures represent the average annual return over given time periods. The last row is the mean average of the seven major categories.

Average Mutual Fund Returns
Category	2021 Return	3-Year	5-Year	10-Year	15-Year
U.S. Large-Cap Stock	26.07%	23.83%	16.57%	14.96%	9.73%
U.S. Mid-Cap Stock	23.40%	20.74%	12.67%	13.12%	8.73%
U.S. Small-Cap Stock	24.19%	19.73%	11.22%	12.74%	8.50%
International Large-Cap Stock	9.72%	13.56%	9.38%	7.85%	3.75%
Long-Term Bond	-1.19%	10.37%	7.22%	6.02%	6.75%
Intermediate-Term Bond	-1.48%	4.81%	3.47%	2.95%	3.98%
Short-Term Bond	0.05%	3.02%	2.37%	1.96%	2.59%
Mean	11.54%	13.72%	8.99%	8.51%	6.29%

The returns for each category were determined by looking up a particular fund (see below) and looking at the month-end trailing returns performance table, where the total return (%) for the category across each time period is listed. The mean return is the average of all seven returns listed above.

The funds used to find the category averages in our table were:

How Mutual Funds Compare to Other Investments

Looking at the seven major categories of mutual funds above, the average annualized return for 2021 was 11.54%. Large-cap stock funds performed the best, outpacing many of the returns investors may have gotten on other accounts, such as certificates of deposit (CDs), high-yield savings accounts, and even real estate.

For example, the average interest rate for a five-year CD was under 2% from August 2010 through the end of 2021. Even the 10-year annualized return as of October 2021 on real estate investments was 7.06%, as measured by the S&P CoreLogic Case-Shiller U.S. National Home Price NSA Index.

Mutual funds have also outpaced inflation and outperformed 10-year U.S. Treasury bonds and gold in the past. However, there's always the chance of economic uncertainty with any investment that could prove this past performance to be untrue.

The Bottom Line

Long-term annualized returns provide a more reasonable expectation about future performance than short-term returns, which are more volatile and unpredictable. If you're looking at mutual funds or other investments, determine the purpose and time frame of your investment, then assess your risk tolerance. To build wealth over time, look to outpace inflation.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What is the difference between an ETF and a mutual fund?

The differences between exchange-traded funds (ETFs) and mutual funds have to do with the way they are traded and taxed. ETFs are exchange-traded, which means they can be bought and sold throughout the trading day, and they also give you greater control over taxation. When it comes to average returns, ETFs and mutual funds that track similar indexes should have similar returns. They are both pooled investment products in which investors pool together funds to invest toward a shared goal.

What is a money market mutual fund?

A money market mutual fund is essentially the same as any other type of mutual fund, but it's widely regarded as one of the safest investment products available. Money market funds usually invest in short-term, cash-like securities, such as Treasury securities, municipal bonds, and certificates of deposit (CDs). The trade-off with these low-risk investments is that they usually earn very little income.

The Balance does not provide tax, investment, or financial services and advice. The information is being presented without consideration of the investment objectives, risk tolerance, or financial circ*mstances of any specific investor and might not be suitable for all investors. Past performance is not indicative of future results. Investing involves risk, including the possible loss of principal.

Updated byHilarey Gould

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Sources

The Balance uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read our editorial process to learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy.

Morningstar. "Vanguard 500 Investor Index (VFINX)."
Vanguard. "VFINX 500 Index Fund Investor Shares."
S&P Dow Jones Indices. "S&P 500."
Morningstar. "S&P 500 PR."
Morningstar. "Fidelity Mid-Cap Stock (FMCSX)."
Morningstar. "Vanguard Small-Cap Index INV (NAESX)."
Morningstar. "Putnam International Equity A (POVSX)."
Morningstar. "Vanguard Long-Term Bond Index Admiral (VBLAX)."
Morningstar. "Vanguard Total Bond Market Index Inv (VBMFX)."
Morningstar. "Vanguard Short-Term Bond Index Inv (VBISX)."
FRED, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. "Economic Research: National Rate on Non-Jumbo Deposits (Less Than $100,000): 60 Month CD."
S&P Dow Jones Indices. "S&P CoreLogic Case-Shiller U.S. National Home Price NSA Index."

I am an investment expert with a deep understanding of mutual funds, financial markets, and investment strategies. My knowledge is based on extensive research, practical experience, and a comprehensive understanding of economic trends. I am well-versed in analyzing historical performance, interpreting market data, and providing insights that empower investors to make informed decisions.

Now, let's delve into the concepts used in the provided article:

Average Returns on Mutual Funds:
- The article emphasizes the importance of assessing average returns on mutual funds as a key factor in making investment decisions. Historical returns, such as the 2021 average annual return of 11.54% for mutual funds in seven broad categories, are highlighted.
Long-Term Returns and Performance Since Inception:
- The article suggests looking beyond short-term returns and considering long-term performance, such as the 15-year average annual return. It also introduces the concept of performance since inception, using the example of the Vanguard 500 Index Investor.
Choosing a Benchmark:
- To make meaningful comparisons, the article recommends using benchmarks, such as the S&P 500, for large-cap stock mutual funds. Benchmarks help investors evaluate how well a fund is performing relative to a specific market or category.
Mutual Fund Categories:
- The article highlights that mutual funds invest in stocks, bonds, or cash, and within each asset class, there are multiple categories. For example, stock funds can be categorized by market capitalization, country, region, or business sector.
Average Mutual Fund Returns by Category:
- The article provides a table of average mutual fund returns for seven major categories, including U.S. Large-Cap Stock, U.S. Mid-Cap Stock, U.S. Small-Cap Stock, International Large-Cap Stock, Long-Term Bond, Intermediate-Term Bond, and Short-Term Bond. The returns are presented for 3-, 5-, 10-, and 15-year periods.
Comparison with Other Investments:
- The article compares mutual fund returns to other investment options, such as certificates of deposit (CDs), high-yield savings accounts, and real estate. It notes that large-cap stock funds outperformed many other investment avenues in 2021.
The Bottom Line:
- Emphasizing the importance of long-term annualized returns for assessing future performance, the article advises investors to consider their investment goals, time frames, and risk tolerance. It stresses the need to outpace inflation for wealth-building over time.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs):
- The article addresses common questions about the difference between ETFs and mutual funds, as well as the concept of money market mutual funds, highlighting their safety and low-risk nature.

This comprehensive overview equips investors with the knowledge needed to navigate the complexities of mutual fund investments and make informed decisions based on historical performance, benchmarks, and category-specific returns.